Archive for September, 2008
Sep
29
Posted by John Dalton on
September 29, 2008
+ Do patients need to believe? - December 05
This used to happen to me a lot at the sort of
functions we all attend at this time of year. The
get-together, the dinner party, the bar-be-que,
the partner’s office party.
I’d meet new people, we’d get chatting and the
conversation would inevitably swing around to
occupations. When it was my turn I’d stumble
through my latest explanation of CST and leave
everyone suitably confused.
Just when I’d think I was off the hook and the
conversation was going to move on, that person
would pipe up.
You know that person, the one who’s in every
fifth or sixth group of new people you meet. The
one who feels obliged to ask the questions they
think other people are to stupid to think of, let
alone ask. The one who takes every opportunity to
flex their intellectual muscles at anyone within
earshot.
They’re not really interested!
They’ve no intention of coming to see you!
They’ve no intention of telling anyone else
about what you do!
They’d preface their question by doing
something with their head, either a conceited
wiggle or a questioning head tilt. I don’t know
why they all do this but they do.
‘So, does the person coming for treatment have
to believe in what you do?’
They’d follow this with more head stuff,
usually the slow knowing head nod.
I’d trot out my standard answer. ‘No the person
doesn’t have to believe in it, at all. It helps
but it’s not required.’ I liked to deliver this
answer almost like a challenge. I could never
match the head wiggling/nodding/tilting thing
though.
This question used to annoy me, oh you noticed,
and I would get a bit defensive, oh you noticed
that too.
In hindsight I understand why I ended up with
so many difficult patients back then, what with
the challenge and all.
Fast forward to a couple of years ago.
Stay with me here.
I’m talking with one of the therapists I’ve
trained. They’re telling me about a prospective
patient.
‘This person asked me if I can help them with
their chronic fatigue.’
‘Good.’ They don’t look like it’s good. ‘No?’
‘No.’
‘What’s the problem?’
‘Well I’ve never treated someone with chronic
fatigue before.’
‘So?’
‘So they want to know if I can help them, they
say they’re a bit sceptical and they want me to
reassure them and . . well . . I don’t know.’
‘Don’t worry about it. I’ve treated loads of
people for chronic fatigue. You’ll be fine.’
‘It’s not me I’m worried about, it’s them. It’s
alright for you, I’m sure you’d get results, I
just don’t know if I can.’
‘Oh I see.’
I pondered momentarily and then I had a sort of
epiphany. All the years of answering the, ‘Does
the patient have to believe?’ question coalesced
into a profound insight.
‘Believe, they may not, believe YOU must.’
‘Pardon?’
‘I said it’s more important that you believe
you can help them than if they believe you can.’
They looked at me dumbstruck as the import of
what I had just said sunk in.
‘Did you just put on a Yoda voice?’
‘No, I just had something in my throat.’
‘You don’t get out much do you?’
‘Look it doesn’t matter how I said it. It’s
what I said that counts. If you don’t believe
they can get better with you then they won’t.’
‘That’s what I was afraid of.’
‘Look salesmen have known about his stuff for
years.’
‘Do they use the Yoda voice too?’
‘I’m talking about dominant realities here.’
‘Dominant realities?’
‘Yeah, it’s a well known fact among salesmen
and psychologists that if you get a group of
people together, whomever believes in their
reality the most will dominate the others.’
‘Whomever?’
‘That’s how sales are made. The salesman
believes his vacuum cleaner is a fantastic product
and these people’s lives will be vastly improved
if they buy it. He believes it so strongly that
the people start to believe it too and buy the
vacuum cleaner.’
‘Oh I see, you’re talking about kidding
yourself. If I kid myself into thinking that I
can help this person I stand a much better chance
of kidding them.‘
‘No, I’m not saying you kid yourself. I’m
saying you need to believe it.’
‘If you tell me to, ‘Feel the force.’ I’m
leaving.’
‘Actually, I don’t really think of it as
believing, I just sort of expect it. When someone
comes to see me I just expect that they will get
better. I’m not kidding myself, I just think,
‘They’ve got a body. They’re breathing. Their
body is designed to fix itself. All I have to do
is feel what its trying to do and then help it
where its getting stuck. There’s no good reason
why they shouldn’t get better.’’
‘Fine, but how do I believe, if I don’t really
believe?’
‘Good question. What you need to do is, you
need to let the spirit of Elvis enter you heart. .
. . No come back . . I’m kidding . . Look, I hear
what you’re saying. . ‘
‘Really?’
‘See, it’s easy for me.’
‘Well finally you admit it.’
‘No, that’s not what I mean. I have lots of
frames of reference for people getting better.
That’s one of the benefits of experience. All
those frames of reference support my expectation
that the person will get better.
You, on the other hand don’t have enough frames
of reference yet. Which leaves you with just one
thing determining the outcome.’
‘What’s that?’
‘The way you think about it.’
‘The way I think about it.’
‘The way you think about it.’
‘Stop saying that and tell me what you mean.’
‘You don’t KNOW what the result is going to be
when you treat this person. It’s in the future.
The only thing you can do with the future is think
about it, which leaves you two options.
You can think the person is NOT going to get
better or you can think they ARE going to get
better.’
‘and that’s going to make a difference?’
‘Yes and no.’
‘Always the yes and no answers with you.’
‘What would you say if I told you that we are
making up our reality as we go and the main thing
that influences it is the way we think. Things
are the way they are because we expect them to be
that way.’
‘I’d say you’d lost the plot and were a couple
of steps away from the funny farm.’
‘In that case I won’t tell you that and by the
way calling a psychiatric institution the funny
farm is not very politically correct, you know.. ‘
‘Me not politically correct? You’re one of the
least politically correct people I know. You take
pleasure in being politically incorrect. I’ve
seen you at parties, remember?’
‘Fair point.
Look, what have you got to loose by being open
to the possibility that the person is going to get
better?’
‘I’ve just never been into that whole positive
thinking thing.’
‘It’s not really positive thinking, it’s more
like . . selfish thinking. You’re thinking about
the future in the way you’d like it to be.’
‘Does it really make a difference?’
‘It makes a huge difference if you do it in the
right way.’
‘Which is?’
‘The first thing to do is get a very clear
picture of the future you want. In your case it
would be you supporting this person to move
through chronic fatigue successfully. The clearer
the image the better.
As you think about this outcome you’ll notice
you get an uncomfortable feeling in your gut.
That uncomfortable feeling is what has kept your
current expectations in place.’
I could see I was making progress.
‘You’ve lost me.’
‘Okay, ever thought about winning the lottery?’
‘No . . Yes.’
‘Okay, did you think about all the things you
could do with the money?’
‘Yes.’
‘That’s usually where most people stop. A sort
of fantasy, up there with being able to fly or
having X-ray vision. If they thought they were
REALLY going to win the lottery it would be
disturbing for them in ways that they never
suspected.
It would literally rock their world.
The statistics on lottery winners show that a
high percentage of them end up back where they
were financially within a couple of years of
winning. Which I see as a desperate struggle to
get back to their old version of reality as fast
as possible.’
‘So it’s more than just positive thinking?’
‘If all we had to do was think positively, we’d
have things appearing in their lives all over the
place at a ferocious rate.
It would be like living in a nightmare where
everything you thought about would appear in front
of you as soon as you thought about it. Things
you wanted and things you didn’t want but couldn’t
stop thinking about.’
‘or the one where you go to a party and
everyone keeps running away from you screaming and
then you catch your reflection in the mirror and
you’ve got the head of a shark. . ‘
‘Focus.’
‘Right.’
‘There are reason’s why we expect things to be
the way they are. With the lottery winner they
could have a deep belief that money is bad and if
they have lots of it, they’ll be bad too. Without
them knowing about that belief they will try and
find unconscious ways to get rid of the prize
money as fast as possible.’
‘So that’s what you meant about struggling to
get back to their old version of reality as fast
as possible.’
‘Precisely.’
We were making great progress.
‘Yeah well that’s the thing about unconscious
stuff, it’s unconscious. How do you know about
stuff . . you don’t know about, huh?’
Okay, we were making progress.
‘It’s true, you’ll do your head in thinking
about it like that. There IS a way of starting to
become aware of it though. It begins with getting
a clear picture of what you want and then asking
yourself how you would feel about it if it REALLY
happened.
If you can get into how you would feel in that
situation and as you’re doing that you also scan
your body, you’ll find it will be making you
disturbed some where.
When you look into that disturbance you will
get more of an idea of what has been stopping you
having the result you want.’
‘How so?’
‘Like the lottery winner believing that money
was bad. As soon as they had lots of money that
belief was challenged. The money made them very
uncomfortable.
If, prior to winning, they had got a clear
picture of how their lives would be with the extra
money and how they would feel in that life, they
would have discovered that it made them
uncomfortable.
If they had looked into what that uncomfortable
feeling was about they would have discovered the
belief about money being bad. They could then
have started to work through the belief and when
they finally did win, it would have made the
process of coming into money much more enjoyable.’
‘So you reckon I have some unconscious belief
about treating this person with the chronic
fatigue?’
‘I dunno. I think you’ll find out if you get
clear about the outcome you want and then listen
carefully to how it makes you feel.’
‘Okay I’ll give it a try.’
‘Try you must not, do you must.’
‘Cute.’
Having this chat made me verbalise what had
been brewing in me for a couple of years. The
question of whether the patient believes in what
we are doing is secondary to what we, as
therapists, believe is possible.
If there is a difference between the results we
would like to be getting and the results we are
getting then the onus is on us to sift through
ourselves and discover why we are getting the
results we are.
It reminds me of a cartoon I saw recently.
Santa Claus is lying on the psychoanalyst’s couch
looking perturbed. The analyst is saying to him.
‘It doesn’t matter what other people think – the
important thing is that you believe in yourself.’
.
Sep
26
Posted by John Dalton on
September 26, 2008
+ What does the blueprint feel like? - November 07
Hi John
I would like to know a bit more about working with Cerebral Palsy.
What is the best approach? Is there any chance for the person to
recover some of their functions or is it too much to ask to the body?
I suppose it requires to go back to the blueprint.
Your comments about the blueprint in the last newsletter were
very interesting. My only problem is that I am a kinaesthetic
kind of person and images don’t talk to me very much. Could
you tell me how the blue print feels so I know that what I feel
under my hands is the blueprint or something else. This would
be very useful for me.
Thank you.
Odile, Brisbane.
Odile Grisel
>>>MY COMMENTS:
Hello Odile,
Thank you for your email.
I have had some good success with cerebral palsy and I’ve had
some no-change-at-all’s. When I think about what was common
among the successes the main thing was that the people were young.
Under 3yrs old.
When treating cerebral palsy I generally find myself working with
the nervous system. From the hemisphere of the brain involved
out to the periphery. Following the nerves, working to enhance
the integrity where it is diminished.
I have heard some therapists say they find lots of limb unwinding
very useful to unlock the central restrictions. I haven’t found that
myself but pass it on in case you find it useful.
I never think of treatment in terms of, ‘Is this too much to ask of the
body?’ At this stage I have seen so many apparent ‘miracles’ that I
know the body is capable of anything. So it is never a case of CAN
this happen but more a case of IS it going to happen?
It can often be a blueprint problem, which leads me to your second
question about describing what the blueprint feels like without using
images.
I had to put my thinking cap on for that one.
Here’s what I got. To me, the blueprint feels very whispy and mist-like,
but not moist. It feels like touching a smoke ring that pulses with
flexion and extension and releases like solid tissue.
Phew! Okay I’m going to take my thinking cap off now because my
head is hurting.
Sep
26
Posted by John Dalton on
September 26, 2008
+ Working with the blueprint. - September 07
Hi John
Thanks so much for your continuing newsletter and the great tips
and humour.
I have a double question.
It’s often a lonely place at the coalface and I seem to have people
come to me with “last resort” problems that require much from me
- I am doing a lot of anatomy and physiology research these days.
First question. Do you think it’s possible for a young man whose
body doesn’t make testosterone to get that working again?
He is 23 and came to me essentially for massive headaches and
his lack of testosterone problem. It was diagnosed at age 15
when he had major back pain.
Bone testing revealed his bone age was that of an 8 year old.
He has to inject himself 3 x weekly for the testosterone cycle
to happen. This injecting ritual is also affecting his mental health
- facing this for the rest of his life is depressing.
So, he has major lesion patterns in his head, esp membranes,
akin to birth trauma (although his mother reports a “perfect” birth),
and his pelvic girdle/sacrum.
Unwinding those complex restriction patterns is top of the list,
with my intention also on all sites for the production cycle to
work normally (including cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and
pituitary and testes). I can’t see any reason it won’t, but there
seems to be an issue with the ‘kick starting’ of the process.
If he is injecting and producing LSH, then his body may not
have the opportunity to take over.
He has had all the tests and specialists do not have any idea
why this is happening in his body.
They can only offer injections for his lifetime.
Can you give me any clues here?
Second question. I have a lot of people with conditions related to
experiencing terror in-utero. So, the main problem seems to lie in
the central nervous system, and glitches in its development.
These all have the quality of having to return to the blueprint as
the major goal. This requires a lot, from both practitioner and client.
(This is also the situation for the young man already mentioned)
Can you give some insight into the process of returning to the blueprint?
Luckily, I have had success already in this area, but the symptoms
and conditions I’m treating lately, (as well as the overall goal of
returning to the blueprint), are extreme and debilitating for the clients.
Patience seems to be the major virtue. Have you any other insights?
Thanks so much for your continued support.
Cheers,
J
Perth, Australia
>>>MY COMMENTS:
Thanks for the feedback I’m glad you are finding the newsletters useful.
‘Do you think it’s possible for a young man whose body doesn’t
make testosterone to get that working again?’
Yes. When it comes to people and their bodies I think anything is
possible.
Both of your questions revolve around the blueprint and how to
work with it so I will answer them together.
It sounds like your palpatory skills are at the point where you are
beginning to feel the blueprint, which is great. The downside is
that it sounds like you are finding it a bit daunting.
But daunt not because it doesn’t need to be.
The ironic thing is that you have been working with the blueprint
from the very beginning of your cranio sacral training. The
difference is that now you have reached a level of refinement
where you can differentiate the blueprint from the rest of what
you are a feeling.
As you know the blueprint is the energetic framework that
underpins our bodies. The cells of our bodies being a bit like
iron filings on a piece of paper. When a magnet is brought to
the underside of the paper the filings are drawn to form the
shape of the magnet.
The magnet is like the blueprint. The difference is that the
blueprint is not a static rigid thing but moves and grows.
The growing part being particularly relevant for your
testosterone light patient.
Like many aspects of cranio sacral work, we feel something
and learn to work with it but have very little scientific evidence
or terminology to describe it. 10 years ago science was enraptured
with the mysteries of genetics, with few voices who was saying
anything different, one of which was Rupert Sheldrake and he was
labeled a kook.
Then the genome was finally mapped and when the party was
over there was a dawning that it didn’t have all the answers.
That everything wasn’t determined by our genes. This is reflected
in the work of the likes of Bruce Lipton in what is being called
the New Biology.
The idea of an energetic field or blueprint underpinning our body
has been around for yonks and shows up in different cultures in
different ways, meridians, charkas, assemblage point and so on.
As I said, the blueprint unfolds during embryonic development.
The timing of this unfoldment directs the pace and progress of
our embryonic development and once started moves forward
with its own pace and rhythm.
It’s like a piece of music that begins at the moment of conception
and continues for the rest of our lives. Within the overall piece of
music there are movements, passages that have the general themes
of the overall music but have their individual beginnings, middles
and ends.
If something happens to interrupt the music or a particular beat is
missed, it is very hard for the body to fill in the blanks.
No magnet - so the iron filings don’t know where to go.
For example the maxillae meet each other and form the hard
palate at about the seventh week of embryonic development.
If this doesn’t happen then person will end up with a cleft palate.
It sounds like all went well with your patient during the embryonic
phase of his development. He decided he was going to be male
and the initial flood of testosterone ensured this.
The beat that was missed was in his puberty.
The second wave of testosterone never happened. So he never
matured into a man. It is this point that I would look at in his
blueprint.
So how to work with it?
I have found that knowing about the blueprint is the beginning
of being able to work with it.
It’s the same as when knowing what flexion and extension were
before tried to feel for them was a help in being able to feel them.
A useful initial access to feeling the blueprint is to use the cranio
sacral rhythm. Think of it in terms of William Sutherland’s description
of it as being the ‘breath of life’. Think of flexion as the in-breath
and extension as the out-breath of this breath of life. He also
described the movement of this breath of life as adding potency
to the cells of the body.
I find this kind of imagery helpful in getting in touch with the
blueprint. It always reminds me of a beach, in particular that part
of the beach where the sand meets the water. Where, if you write
your name in the sand the water will come in and wipe it away and
smooth the sand out.
With my hands in contact with the person’s system and my eyes
closed, tuning into the cranio sacral rhythm and feeling it in terms
of an in-breath that vitalises and recreates an energetic blueprint,
each in-breath washes across the cells of the body and they become
luminous. Any anomalies in the blueprint itself begin to reveal
themselves.
The daunting thing about working with the blueprint is that is
energetic. You don’t feel it in the same way as you feel flexion
and extension, for example, which is a physical movement.
It is felt in the same way you can feel something between your
palms when you hold them close together. It’s the same sort
of something.
The good news is that once it is felt the blueprint behaves and
responds in the same way the body does. So if you get a sense
that there was a disturbance in the unfoldment of the puberty
movement of his blueprint ‘music’ then it is the same as it would
feel if there was a trauma that had occurred to him during his puberty.
But instead of looking to get a sense of a trauma you are looking
to get a sense of what interrupted the unfoldment of his blueprint,
which, ironically could have been a trauma.
Once you get a sense of where the gap is then you can use your
intention to fill it. But not in a directed forceful, ‘I know what needs
to be done here.’ sort of way. More with a sense of providing a
bridge with your intention across the gap.
It is a little like direct technique in as much as you are encouraging
his system to fill in the gap but you don’t make it happen.
As kooky as the blueprint may sound it is still a mechanical kind
of thing to work with. Just because it is energy doesn’t automatically
imbue it with mystical dimensions.
If he doesn’t improve through working with the blue print you
would have to look deeper. What is deeper than the underpinning
energetic blue print that holds the cells of our bodies in place?
Well as I said the blueprint is in essence a mechanical structure.
It is used by the part of us that knows the bigger picture of ourselves.
What our life is about. Why we are a man or a woman, why we chose
the parents we did, the country we were born in and so on.
That is a different part of the questions you would be asking yourself
about the bigger picture of what his symptoms might mean in the
context of the deeper issues he may be working out in his life.
Is he resisting letting go of being a boy and becoming a man?
Or is he resisting growing up? The movie, ‘The Tin Drum’ comes
to mind. Were the headaches just a way to get him to come and
see you or are they part of the mechanical aspect of how this
disharmony is expressing itself.
Sep
26
Posted by John Dalton on
September 26, 2008
+ CST and bowed legs? - December 05
Hi John,
As always, superb and enjoyable! I feel like an empty sponge,
ready to absorb and learn - the only problem seems that one
tends to forget most of what one has absorbed, at this stage
of ones life!
Have you had any success with bowed legs? Am going to have
to work on a baby about 16 months old. He has nearly all his
teeth (molars too) already which is a bit abnormal? If I hold his
upper legs together, that part looks totally normal, but the lower
legs then cross over with the feet facing nearly sideways.
The problem seems to be in the ankles, so that the legs have to
adapt? I will only be able to see him once a month.
Enjoy your day.
Your Buddy
JB
Cape town
>>>MY COMMENTS:
It’s worth checking to see if he was lying in an awkward position
in the womb but I don’t think that is the case here because when
I add the bowed legs to what you’ve said about him having all his
teeth, I think it’s more likely to be a case of a disturbance when
he was developing in the womb.
Think of embryonic development like an orchestra playing a piece
of music. Once the performance starts it plays through to the end.
If one of the musicians makes a mistake or drops their instrument,
the orchestra won’t stop and restart, they just keep going.
Remember that the first 8 weeks of our embryonic life is the time
when all organs, systems and tissues are outlined. If that process
is disturbed or interrupted, we can get all sorts of problems. Cleft
palate is a good example. If the two Maxillae haven’t met by around
the 7th week, then they never meet.
Disturbances to the process after the 8th week will cause problems
in refinement or development of the systems and structures outlined
in the first 8 weeks.
It sounds like your boy has had a bit of both.
That’s great John, what do I do about it?
Getting that developmental piece of music to play again is a bit
like trying to remember on old childhood song. You can remember
bits of it but remembering ALL the words is tricky. It’s the same
with helping a persons system reactivate developmental energetics.
It’s possible but not easy.
The most remarkable demonstration of it I ever had in clinic was an
87 year old man who was in constant pain and loosing power in his
legs from stenosis of his vertebral canal.
During treatment, he managed to access the notocord part of his
embryonic development music and the cells around his vertebral
canal started to migrate away from the area where his physical
notocord used to be, just like they did when he was an embryo.
His vertebral canal consequently got larger and his symptoms
went away. It was bloody remarkable!
That’s great John but how did you facilitate that?
Think of a spy movie. Remember the scene where the rookie spy
was about to walk into the unguarded vault but was stopped by
the older more experienced spy who then sprays an aerosol of
some stuff in the air and reveals a web of infrared sensor beams
and we nod our heads and think, ‘Man, this movie is full of clichés.’
The point of the analogy is you firstly need to know there is
something there, the energetic blueprint in which the developmental
music is contained and secondly you need some of that magic aerosol,
which in our case is our intention.
Sep
16
Posted by John Dalton on
September 16, 2008
*As with all anatomy I suggest you search for each new term on google then click on the ‘Images’ tab at the top of the page. Look at as many different pictures of each structure, from as many different angles as you can. Then look at it on the Visible Body. This will help you get a 3 dimensional image of the structure in your head.
The Ventricular System is a system of cavities and canals deep
within the brain and spinal cord. They have a thin membranous
lining called the Ependyma. The whole Ventricular System is filled
with Cerebrospinal Fluid. The Ventricular System consists of
four ventricles connected by various communicating channels.
These are:
❍ Two lateral Ventricles (1st and 2nd Ventricles) located within
the two cerebral hemispheres, each of which communicates via an
inter-ventricular foramen to
❍ The third Ventricle located between the two Thalami of the brain.
The Third ventricle communicates inferiorly through the cerebral
aqueduct (aqueduct of sylvius) to
❍ The fourth Ventricle located between the Cerebellum (posteriorly)
and the Pons and Medulla (anteriorly). The fourth Ventricle is
continuous inferiorly with the central canal passing down the
centre of the Spinal Cord.
In the roof of each of the four ventricles are located Choroid Plexi.
These are filter like structures through which Cerebrospinal Fluid
is formed as a filtrate from arterial blood. Arterial blood enters
the Choroid Plexi from the cerebral arteries; then blood cells,
proteins and other large particles are filtered out (remaining in
the blood). The pure colourless fluid that filters through this
Choroid Plexi into the Ventricular System is Cerebrospinal Fluid.
HOW DOES CEREBROSPINAL FLUID GET OUT OF THE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM?
In the posterior and lateral walls of the fourth ventricle are three foramina -
The Foramen of Magendie (medial aperture), posteriorly, and
Two Foramina of Luschka (lateral apertures), bilaterally.
Cerebrospinal Fluid flows throughout the Ventricular System.
It passes out through the Foramina of Magendie and Luschka
into the sub-arachnoid space where it circulates throughout
the Sub-arachnoid space around the Brain and Spinal Cord.
Cerebrospinal Fluid also seeps through the walls of the ventricles
into the nerve tissue of the Brain and Spinal Cord. From the
sub-arachnoid space it seeps through the Pia Mater into the
tissues of the Brain and Spinal Cord. Cerebrospinal Fluid also
seeps out with the peripheral nerves of the spinal cord as they
leave the Central Nervous System and travel out to the periphery.
REABSORBTION
Cerebrospinal Fluid is eventually returned to the blood via the
Arachnoid Villi which protrude from the sub-arachnoid space
through to the Superior Sagittal Sinus of the Brain. It re-joins the
Venous blood which then drains from the Venous Sinuses via the
Internal Jugular Vein to be returned to the heart.
So the direction of flow is,
- Arterial blood is pumped into the Choroid Plexi in the roofs
of the Ventricles where it is filtered into cerebrospinal fluid.
- The lateral ventricles drain into the Third Ventricle via
Inter-ventricular foramina.
- The third ventricle drains into the Aqueduct of Sylvius to the
Forth Ventricle.
- It is in the Fourth Ventricle that the cerebrospinal fluid leaves
the ventricles and enters the sub arachnoid space via the
foramina of Luschka and Magendie. (It also travels down the
central canal of the spinal cord.)
- It travels throughout the sub arachnoid space.
- Some of it seeps out with the peripheral nerves and is
reabsorbed as an extracellular fluid.
- The bulk of it is reabsorbed by the arachnoid granulations
of the arachnoid villi. These transform it into Venous blood
as they deposit it into the Venous sinuses, particularly the
superior sagittal sinus.
